LESSON 11

PERSONAL PROTECTION AND DATA PROTECTION →Hello again!!! in today's class we have learned about personal data protection. Next we will talk about information that we all need to know when using devices. Nowadays we use technologies and devices for everything, that's why we should know that we are exposed to have our accounts hacked. We have to be careful when putting passwords or user numbers on pages that are not very secure.  Installing things like Antivirus or Malware Detection Tool will allow us to stay away from this type of hackers. Since there are malicious programs that seek to obtain personal data and money. It is also advisable to renew passwords from time to time and not to use the same password for all accounts. In addition to this, it is also advisable to use secure passwords, which are those that contain a combination of uppercase and lowercase letters, as well as numbers.  Another thing we can do to avoid obtaining our data is to delete cookies, because every time

LESSON 6

 CIVIC PARTICIPATION

→Hello again! Today we have learned what civic participation is, it seeks to involve citizens actively in decision making, planning and management of public affairs that affect their lives. With the aim of obtaining greater participation, administrations have developed many initiatives in recent years, these allow planning and implementing public policies. Some of them are:

  • Participatory budgeting
  • Referendum
  • Civic queries
  • Children's plenary session

There are different types of participation, depending on the involvement of the citizens. We can see it in the following image:

On the other hand, there is also online participation thanks to the development of telecommunications and new ICT. This type of participation consists of applying ICT to encourage and facilitate citizen participation in decision-making on public issues that may be of interest to them.

Some of the tools that help us to achieve this online participation (questionnaires, debates, votings, meetings,...) are: Doodle, Google Forms, Kahoot, Socrative, ...

We also learned what is an electronic signature, it is a set of electronic data that accompanies or is associated with an electronic document and whose basic functions are:

  • To identify the signer unequivocally.
  • Ensure the integrity of the signed document.
  • Ensures that the signed document is exactly the same as the original.
  • the same as the original.
  • Confirm that the user has decided to sign a document and avoid repudiation.

There are tools, used by the electronic administration in Spain, such as CL@VE that are used to manage electronic signatures. Its main objective is to allow the citizen to identify himself/herself in the electronic administration by means of keys (user plus password). It also offers the possibility of signing in the cloud with personal certificates stored in remote servers. Cl@ve can be used in two ways: Cl@ve Occasional  (password system with a very limited validity of time). And on the other hand, Cl@ve permanent (password system with long-term validity, but not unlimited). In addition, there is the citizen's folder, a service that facilitates the relationship with the Public Administration.

Finally, we saw what the e-teacher Digital Registry is in Spain, a project developed by the Ministry of Education, which establishes a data model to obtain professional information about teachers in non-university degrees.

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